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下面的例子中我們通過(guò)tcpdump查看workerman-chat應(yīng)用通過(guò)websocket傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)。workerman-chat例子中服務(wù)端是通過(guò)7272端口對(duì)外提供websocket服務(wù)的，所以我們抓取7272端口上的數(shù)據(jù)包。

1、運(yùn)行命令 tcpdump -Ans 4096 -iany port 7272

2、在瀏覽器地址欄輸入 http://127.0.0.1:55151

3、輸入昵稱 mynick

4、發(fā)表框輸入 hi, all ！

最終抓取的數(shù)據(jù)如下:

/*
 * TCP第一次握手
 * 瀏覽器本地端口60653向遠(yuǎn)程端口7272發(fā)送SYN包
 */
17:50:00.523910 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [S], seq 3524290970, win 32768, options [mss 16396,sackOK,TS val 28679666 ecr 28679554,nop,wscale 7], length 0
E..<.h@.@.HQ...........h..i..........0....@....
............

/*
 * TCP第二次握手
 * 遠(yuǎn)程端口7272向?yàn)g覽器端口60653回應(yīng)SYN+ACK包
 */
17:50:00.523935 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [S.], seq 692696454, ack 3524290971, win 32768, options [mss 16396,sackOK,TS val 28679666 ecr 28679666,nop,wscale 7], length 0
E..<..@.@.<..........h..)I....i......0....@....
............

/*
 * TCP第三次握手，完成TCP連接
 * 瀏覽器本地端口60653向遠(yuǎn)程端口7272發(fā)送ACK包
 */
17:50:00.523948 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 1, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28679666 ecr 28679666], length 0
E..4.i@.@.HX...........h..i.)I.......(.....
........

/*
 * websocket握手
 * 瀏覽器本地端口60653向遠(yuǎn)程端口7272發(fā)送websocket握手請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)
 */
17:50:00.524412 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [P.], seq 1:716, ack 1, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28679666 ecr 28679666], length 715
E....j@.@.E............h..i.)I.............
........GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:7272
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux i686; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/31.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Origin: http://127.0.0.1:55151
Sec-WebSocket-Key: zPDr6m4czzUdOFnsxIUEAw==
Cookie: Hm_lvt_abcf9330bef79b4aba5b24fa373506d9=1402048017; Hm_lvt_5fedb3bdce89499492c079ab4a8a0323=1403063068,1403141761; Hm_lvt_7b1919221e89d2aa5711e4deb935debd=1407836536; Hm_lpvt_7b1919221e89d2aa5711e4deb935debd=1407837000
Connection: keep-alive, Upgrade
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Upgrade: websocket

/*
 * websocket握手
 * 遠(yuǎn)程端口7272向?yàn)g覽器端口60653發(fā)送ACK包，表明遠(yuǎn)程7272端口已經(jīng)收到websocket握手請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)
 */
17:50:00.524423 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [.], ack 716, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28679666 ecr 28679666], length 0
E..4(u@.@..M.........h..)I....lf.....(.....
........

/*
 * websocket握手
 * 遠(yuǎn)程端口7272向?yàn)g覽器端口60653發(fā)送websocket握手回應(yīng)，表明握手成功
 */
17:50:00.535918 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [P.], seq 1:157, ack 716, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28679669 ecr 28679666], length 156
E...(v@.@............h..)I....lf...........
........HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: nSsCeIBUsFnDJCRb/BNlFzBUDpM=

/*
 * websocket握手成功
 * 瀏覽器本地端口60653向遠(yuǎn)程端口7272發(fā)送ACK，表明接收到websocket握手回應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
 */
17:50:00.535932 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 157, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28679669 ecr 28679669], length 0
E..4.k@.@.HV...........h..lf)I.#.....(.....
........

/*
 * 輸入昵稱請(qǐng)求
 * 瀏覽器通過(guò)websocket協(xié)議向7272端口發(fā)送 昵稱 請(qǐng)求 {"type":"login","name":"mynick"}
 * 由于瀏覽器向服務(wù)端發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)為websocket協(xié)議掩碼處理過(guò)的數(shù)據(jù)，所以無(wú)法看到原文 {"type":"login","name":"mynick"}
 */
17:50:30.652680 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [P.], seq 716:754, ack 157, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28679669], length 38
E..Z.l@.@.H/...........h..lf)I.#.....N.....
...^.......&_...+..C}..J0..H}..H>...e.._1..M}.

/*
 * 輸入昵稱請(qǐng)求
 * 7272端口向?yàn)g覽器返回ACK，表明昵稱請(qǐng)求已經(jīng)接收，并返回用戶列表{"type":"user_list" ...
 */
17:50:30.653546 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [P.], seq 157:267, ack 754, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28687198], length 110
E...(w@.@............h..)I.#..l............
...^...^.l{"type":"user_list","user_list":[{"uid":783654164,"name":"\u732a\u732a"},{"uid":783700053,"name":"mynick"}]}

/*
 * 輸入昵稱請(qǐng)求
 * 瀏覽器返回ACK，表明用戶列表數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)收到
 */
17:50:30.653559 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 267, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28687198], length 0
E..4.m@.@.HT...........h..l.)I.......(.....
...^...^

/*
 * 輸入昵稱請(qǐng)求
 * 7272端口向?yàn)g覽器返回ACK，并返回用登錄結(jié)果{"type":"login",...
 */
17:50:30.653689 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [P.], seq 267:346, ack 754, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28687198], length 79
E...(x@.@............h..)I....l......w.....
...^...^.M{"type":"login","uid":783700053,"name":"mynick","time":"2014-08-12 17:50:30"}

/*
 * 輸入昵稱請(qǐng)求 完畢
 * 瀏覽器返回ACK，表明登錄結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)包收到
 */
17:50:30.653695 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 346, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28687198], length 0
E..4.n@.@.HS...........h..l.)I.......(.....
...^...^

/*
 * 服務(wù)端7272端口通知其它瀏覽器有新用戶登錄
 */
17:50:30.653749 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60584: Flags [P.], seq 436:515, ack 816, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28577913], length 79
E.....@.@.3..........h..f....G.......w.....
...^...y.M{"type":"login","uid":783700053,"name":"mynick","time":"2014-08-12 17:50:30"}

/*
 * 其它瀏覽器返回 ACK,表明收到新用戶登錄通知的請(qǐng)求
 */
17:50:30.653755 IP 127.0.0.1.60584 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 515, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28687198 ecr 28687198], length 0
E..4.X@.@.#j...........h.G..f..$.....(.....
...^...^

/*
 * mynick用戶發(fā)言 hi, all !
 * 瀏覽器向服務(wù)端7272端口發(fā)送發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù) {"type":"say","to_uid":"all","content":"hi,  all !"}
 * 由于瀏覽器向服務(wù)端發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)為websocket協(xié)議掩碼處理過(guò)的數(shù)據(jù)，所以無(wú)法看到原文
 */
17:51:02.775205 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [P.], seq 754:812, ack 346, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28695228 ecr 28687198], length 58
E..n.o@.@.H............h..l.)I.......b.....
fTX.d.P[(...9H..C=LT.~.BV=...0SnB-X.

/*
 * mynick用戶發(fā)言 hi, all !
 * 7272端口向所有瀏覽器客戶端中一個(gè)瀏覽器轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù) {"type":"say","from_uid":....
 */
17:51:02.776785 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60653: Flags [P.], seq 346:448, ack 812, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28695229 ecr 28695228], length 102
E...(y@.@............h..)I....l............
.........d{"type":"say","from_uid":783700053,"to_uid":"all","content":"hi,  all !","time":"2014-08-12 :51:02"}

/*
 * mynick用戶發(fā)言 hi, all !
 * 瀏覽器響應(yīng)ACK，收到發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù)
 */
17:51:02.776808 IP 127.0.0.1.60653 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 448, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28695229 ecr 28695229], length 0
E..4.p@.@.HQ...........h..l.)I.F.....(.....
........

/*
 * mynick用戶發(fā)言 hi, all !
 * 7272端口向所有瀏覽器客戶端中一個(gè)瀏覽器轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù) {"type":"say","from_uid":....
 */
17:51:02.776827 IP 127.0.0.1.7272 > 127.0.0.1.60584: Flags [P.], seq 515:617, ack 816, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28695229 ecr 28687198], length 102
E.....@.@.3g.........h..f..$.G.............
.......^.d{"type":"say","from_uid":783700053,"to_uid":"all","content":"hi,  all !","time":"2014-08-12 :51:02"}

/*
 * mynick用戶發(fā)言 hi, all ! ，所有瀏覽器都收到轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)言完畢
 * 瀏覽器響應(yīng)ACK，收到發(fā)言數(shù)據(jù)
 */
17:51:02.776842 IP 127.0.0.1.60584 > 127.0.0.1.7272: Flags [.], ack 617, win 256, options [nop,nop,TS val 28695229 ecr 28695229], length 0
E..4.Y@.@.#i...........h.G..f........(.....
........

以上是登錄+發(fā)言的所有所有請(qǐng)求，一共有兩個(gè)瀏覽器客戶端。

包數(shù)據(jù)中[S]代表SYN請(qǐng)求（發(fā)起連接請(qǐng)求）；[.]代表ACK回應(yīng)，說(shuō)明請(qǐng)求對(duì)端已經(jīng)收到；[P]代表發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)；[P.]代表[P] + [.]

如果端口上傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)是二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)，則可以以十六進(jìn)制來(lái)查看 tcpdump -XAns 4096 -iany port 7272

編輯于2024-03-13 17:37:18 完善本頁(yè) +發(fā)起討論
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